Essay/Term paper: Political and economic changes in bulgaria

Essay, term paper, research paper:  History Essays

Political and Economic Changes In Bulgaria


Over the course of the past two months, January and February 1997,
Bulgaria has undergone some sweeping political changes and its economy has
deteriorated into further collapse. The following is an attempt to describe the
events which took place in Bulgaria in January and February of 1997. This is
somewhat of a difficult task given the current rate of political, economical and
social changes which are occurring in Bulgaria. What follows is an account of
the events which have taken place in Bulgaria over the last two months i.e.
January and February of 1997, subject to the news material which was available
to me and to the time constraints of this project.
Bulgaria's economic crisis exploded into popular outrage at the
beginning of January 1997, when previously quiescent Bulgarians poured into the
streets to demand that the governing BSP, leave power now rather than when their
four-year term expires at the end of 1998.
After a month of mostly peaceful daily protests that paralysed Sofia and
brought much of the country's business to a halt, the Socialists, who lack the
kind of fiercely loyal police and media that have sustained President Slobodan
Milosevic in neighbouring Serbia, submitted to the protesters demands on
Wednesday, February 5th 1997. They agreed to hand over power to a caretaker
government until new elections in mid-April, which they are unlikely to win,
when recent polls conclude that only 10% of the population currently support the
BSP. "We'd better celebrate now, because we have very hard days ahead," said
Ivan Kostov, leader of the opposition United Democratic Forces. ( Source : OMRI
Daily Digest, 18th February 1997. ).
The newly elected Bulgarian President Petar Stoyanov named an interim
cabinet headed by Sofia Mayor Stefan Sofianski to oversee the country and its
collapsing economy until a new parliament is chosen in general elections
scheduled for April 19. The appointment means that the mass protests forced the
leaders of the Socialist majority in parliament to agree to a new ballot 20
months before the end of their elective term. Sofianski's caretaker cabinet
includes strong critics of the BSP and has announced it will abolish the
economic development portfolio created by them.
This new caretaker government has already begun to dismantle the large
number of government Ministries which were set up by the former Communists, the
BSP. Literally thousands of Civil Servants are being made redundant, as the
caretaker government attempts to pave the way for Administrative Reform in both
the Central and Local Governments of Bulgaria.
Just before this project went to press, on Thursday, the 27th of
February, 1997, Poland agreed to give Bulgaria 100,00 tons of wheat to help it
deal with the grain shortages. Bulgaria has already opened its wheat reserves in
an effort to ease the continuing bread shortages. The loan will be repaid when
Bulgaria's grain reserves are replenished. ( Source : OMRI Daily Digest,
28th February 1997. )
The German Foreign Minister, Klaus Kinkel, speaking in Bonn on 27th
February 1997, commented that "Bulgaria is on the brink of economic economic
catastrophe", and he appealed to Sofia not to delay economic reforms any longer.
( Source OMRI Daily Digest, 28th February, 1997 ).